Japanese toad lily

Herbaceous perennial

Tricyrtis hirta

Japanese toad lily

A fully hardy woodland perennial with hairy, upright stems and purple-spotted white flowers in late summer and autumn.

  • Full shade, Partial shade
  • 50–75 cm (20–30 in)
  • 10–40 cm (4–16 in)
  • H7 · Zone 4
  • August–October
  • Deciduous

Overview

The Japanese toad lily is a reliable, fully hardy choice for a shaded border, producing erect, softly hairy stems clothed in alternate leaves, topped from late summer into autumn by an unusual succession of star-shaped white flowers, heavily speckled with purple, held close along the upper stems. It needs no special winter protection anywhere in the UK, but appreciates a humus-rich, moisture-retentive soil in a sheltered spot; young plants can benefit from a cold frame or greenhouse for their first winter in colder gardens, and slugs are the main threat to emerging spring shoots.

At a Glance

Sun Full shade, Partial shade
Height 50–75 cm (20–30 in)
Spread 10–40 cm (4–16 in)
Hardiness H7 · Zone 4
Flowers August–October
Soil Clay, Loam
Moisture Moist well drained
Habit Bushy, Clump forming
Water Moderate
Maintenance Easy

Growing Conditions

Min. Temperature -20°C (-4°F)
pH Range 5.5–7.5
Fertility Fertile
Drainage Free Draining

Aspect Suitability

  • North-facing
  • East-facing
  • West-facing

Soil Tolerance

  • Clay
  • Loam
  • Acid
  • Neutral pH
  • Alkaline

Foliage

Persistence Deciduous
Colour Green
Leaf shape / texture ovate_elliptic

Foliage interest: May–October

Seasonal Timeline

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Flowering
Foliage
Fruiting
Propagate
  • Flowering Aug Sep Oct
  • Foliage May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct
  • Fruiting Oct Nov
  • Propagate Mar Apr

Maintenance Calendar

  • Mar Protect emerging shoots from slugs and snails
  • Apr Add leaf mould around the crown
  • Jun Keep the root area moist during dry summer spells
  • Sep Enjoy the spotted late-season flowers
  • Nov Cut back old stems as they die down for winter

Garden Design

Works well in: Cottage, Tropical, Tropical / Exotic, Underplanting, Woodland

Underplant roses and shrubs in a shady border, or use in a woodland garden alongside ferns and hostas; the spotted flowers reward a close look, so site it near a path.

Companion planting: Ferns, Hostas, Japanese anemones

Wildlife Value

  • Other pollinators
  • Shelter

Safety

No well-established toxicity; ornamental plant only.